{"id":1525,"date":"2021-05-25T20:20:24","date_gmt":"2021-05-25T18:20:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parlonstechs.com\/all\/?p=1525"},"modified":"2022-09-22T10:22:23","modified_gmt":"2022-09-22T08:22:23","slug":"start-up-quest-ce-que-cest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/parlonstechs.com\/all\/2021\/05\/25\/start-up-quest-ce-que-cest\/","title":{"rendered":"Start-up : Qu&rsquo;est-ce que c&rsquo;est ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ac-tu-rh.com\/java-script\/2020\/12\/NUMERO-SPECIAL-DECEMBRE-2020-21.jpg\" alt=\"Booster l'employabilit\u00e9 des jeunes en Afrique par la cr\u00e9ation des Start-Up  - Actu'Rh\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>Le terme start-up vient de l&rsquo;anglais startup company, qui d\u00e9signe une entreprise qui d\u00e9marre. Une start-up est une entreprise innovante et attrayante \u00e0 la recherche d&rsquo;un mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;entreprise (appel\u00e9 aussi business model)&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Une&nbsp;start-up, ou \u00ab jeune pousse \u00bb, d\u00e9crit une jeune entreprise de haute technologie qui pr\u00e9sente un potentiel important de croissance. Le terme vient de l&rsquo;anglais&nbsp;<em>start<\/em>&nbsp;(d\u00e9marrer) et&nbsp;<em>up<\/em>&nbsp;(pour montrer le potentiel de croissance).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Son mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;entreprise n&rsquo;est pas encore stabilis\u00e9 et change constamment. Une start-up teste son march\u00e9, s&rsquo;adapte aux clients, exp\u00e9rimente. Elle n&rsquo;est d&rsquo;ailleurs pas forc\u00e9ment d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9clar\u00e9e comme entreprise et n&rsquo;est pas juste une jeune entreprise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La start-up propose en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral un produit nouveau sur le march\u00e9. Elle se caract\u00e9rise aussi par son ambition de r\u00e9ussite et de croissance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les start-up, le num\u00e9rique et&nbsp;les biotechnologies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les start-up existent dans diff\u00e9rents domaines :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>num\u00e9rique ;<\/li><li>sant\u00e9&nbsp;;<\/li><li>biotechnologies (biotech) (voir notre dossier&nbsp;Les biotechnologies, un d\u00e9fi pour le futur)&nbsp;;<\/li><li>environnement (cleantech)&#8230;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e9marrage et financement des start-up<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les start-up sont des entreprises innovantes qui peuvent \u00eatre issues de la&nbsp;recherche&nbsp;institutionnelle. Elles voient souvent le jour dans des structures comme les incubateurs ou les p\u00e9pini\u00e8res d&rsquo;entreprises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au stade du d\u00e9marrage, le risque est \u00e9lev\u00e9 pour les investisseurs. Or, vu son objectif de d\u00e9veloppement futur, la start-up a g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement besoin de fonds importants pour se lancer. Pour lever des fonds, elle peut avoir recours au capital-risque, aux&nbsp;<em>business angels<\/em>, aux fonds d&rsquo;investissement, mais aussi aux aides institutionnelles r\u00e9serv\u00e9es aux jeunes entreprises innovantes.<br>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une start-up c&rsquo;est quoi ?&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le terme start-up vient de l&rsquo;anglais startup company, qui d\u00e9signe une entreprise qui d\u00e9marre. Une start-up est une entreprise innovante et attrayante \u00e0 la recherche d&rsquo;un mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;entreprise (appel\u00e9 aussi business model) qui soit:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>scalable (capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 s&rsquo;adapter au changement d&rsquo;\u00e9chelle rapidement);<\/li><li>profitable;<\/li><li>reproductible.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Son mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;entreprise n&rsquo;est pas encore stabilis\u00e9 et change constamment. Une start-up teste son march\u00e9, s&rsquo;adapte aux clients, exp\u00e9rimente. Elle n&rsquo;est d&rsquo;ailleurs pas forc\u00e9ment d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9clar\u00e9e comme entreprise et n&rsquo;est pas juste une jeune entreprise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le but d&rsquo;une start-up est de trouver le business model id\u00e9al pour cro\u00eetre rapidement. Ce potentiel de croissance n\u00e9cessite souvent des financements importants. \u00c0 terme, une start-up peut stabiliser son mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;entreprise et devenir une entreprise traditionnelle, \u00eatre vendue ou dispara\u00eetre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le terme start-up est devenu populaire vers la fin des ann\u00e9es 1990 et le boom num\u00e9rique. Mais une start-up n&rsquo;est pas n\u00e9cessairement li\u00e9e aux technologies num\u00e9riques. En fait, des start-up existent dans la plupart des domaines innovants comme l&rsquo;environnement ou les biotechnologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En France, de nombreuses start-up (qu&rsquo;on d\u00e9signe aussi comme jeunes pousses) naissent dans des p\u00e9pini\u00e8res d&rsquo;entreprises, des structures accompagnant le d\u00e9veloppement de start-up nouvellement cr\u00e9\u00e9es.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exemples de start-up performantes&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La plupart des entreprises am\u00e9ricaines du num\u00e9rique ont commenc\u00e9 en tant que&nbsp;<strong>start-up<\/strong>. <strong>Apple<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>Facebook<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>Intel&nbsp;<\/strong>et&nbsp;<strong>Google&nbsp;<\/strong>sont tous n\u00e9s d&rsquo;une id\u00e9e entre quelques amis essayant de r\u00e9soudre un probl\u00e8me. Plus r\u00e9cemment, on a vu \u00e9merger des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s aux histoires passionnantes comme AirBnB, Snapchat, Uber, Evernote, Pinterest ou Stripe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En France, Kisskissbankbank, Blablacar et SchoolMouv sont des start-up qui ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 trouver leur mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;entreprise et \u00e0 s&rsquo;imposer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comment investir dans une start-up ?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>De par leur mod\u00e8le, les start-up tendent \u00e0 lever des fonds de toutes les mani\u00e8res possibles. Il existe donc plusieurs fa\u00e7ons d&rsquo;investir dans une start-up.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le crowdfunding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>En quelques ann\u00e9es, le crowdfunding (financement participatif) est devenu un mod\u00e8le de lev\u00e9e de fonds et d&rsquo;investissement id\u00e9al pour tout type d&rsquo;entreprises. Certaines plateformes proposent des contreparties (souvent le produit financ\u00e9). Le financement n&rsquo;est alors valid\u00e9 qu&rsquo;en cas de succ\u00e8s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les plus connues sont Kickstarter, Ulule et Kisskissbankbank. D&rsquo;autres pratiquent le crowdequity, le financement participatif par actions. Le financement participatif est un bon moyen d&rsquo;investir de petites sommes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les FCPI et les FIP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les Fonds Communs de Placement dans l&rsquo;Innovation et les Fonds d&rsquo;Investissement de Proximit\u00e9 se chargent de financer des start-up \u00e0 partir de l&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.futura-sciences.com\/sciences\/definitions\/chimie-argent-14862\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">argent<\/a>&nbsp;re\u00e7u. La d\u00e9fiscalisation est une des raisons d&rsquo;investir \u00e0 long terme dans ces fonds.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le mandat de gestion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Similaire aux FCPI et FIP, on d\u00e9l\u00e8gue l&rsquo;argent \u00e0 un mandataire qui s&rsquo;occupe de choisir les meilleures start-up dans lesquelles investir. Les co\u00fbts sont importants.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le PEA-PME<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>PEA-PME signifie Plan d&rsquo;\u00c9pargne en Actions &#8211; Petites et Moyennes Entreprises, une solution privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e par de nombreux investisseurs en France. \u00c0 long terme, il propose en effet des avantages fiscaux int\u00e9ressants.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Devenir un business angel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Un business angel d\u00e9signe quelqu&rsquo;un qui investit personnellement d&rsquo;importantes sommes d&rsquo;argent dans une start-up en d\u00e9but d&rsquo;activit\u00e9. Il met aussi \u00e0 disposition son exp\u00e9rience, son r\u00e9seau professionnel et ses connaissances. Il existe des clubs de business angels qui regroupent des investisseurs passionn\u00e9s souhaitant jouer un r\u00f4le actif dans la cr\u00e9ation de nouvelles entreprises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parlons Techs avec Futura<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le terme start-up vient de l&rsquo;anglais startup company, qui d\u00e9signe une entreprise qui d\u00e9marre. Une start-up est une entreprise innovante et attrayante \u00e0 la recherche d&rsquo;un mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;entreprise (appel\u00e9 aussi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1526,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,7,117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite","category-afrique","category-ckoi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Start-up : Qu&#039;est-ce que c&#039;est ? - Parlons Techs - Store<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/parlonstechs.com\/all\/2021\/05\/25\/start-up-quest-ce-que-cest\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Start-up : Qu&#039;est-ce que c&#039;est ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le terme start-up vient de l&#039;anglais startup company, qui d\u00e9signe une entreprise qui d\u00e9marre. 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